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Important features of Economy of middle and upper ganga valley during the period from 6th century BCE to the early 4th century BCE.

    After a millennium or so there was again evidence of urbanisation in the areas around the ganga valley after the Harappan civilization. It is generally supposed to have begun around 600 B.C coinciding with the beginning of early historic period in Gangetic valley. [1] In terms of ecology and archaeology there appears to have been a distinction between the western Ganga plain and the middle ganga plain in 2 nd millennium B.C. with similarities appearing only with middle of 1 st century B.C. with the use of distinctive Northern Black Polished Ware. [2] It is seen to be a period of emergence of fortified settlement like Champak, Kombi, Ujjain, introduction of Northern Black Polished Ware, iron based agricultural economy, long distance trade, stable political structure, stratified society , emergence of bureaucracy etc. raising the point of emergence of initial stages of state formation. Considering Pearson definition of Economy as a social process of interaction between ma