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Introduction: The Vijayanagara is seen to have ruled by four dynasties the Sangama ( c. AD 1350–1486), Saluva ( c. AD 1486–1505), Tuluva ( c. AD 1505–1569), and Aravidu( c. 1569–1654) dynasties. The period of  Vijayanagara Empire is seen to be a period of dramatic change in South Indian society and Economy with the marked appearance of new political and military structures, increase in urban centres, increase in monetization, expansion in craft and agricultural production, population growth from the earlier periods. Though the evidence of material production and consumption can tell archaeologists a lot about organisation of production and social, economic and political status of a society, it can be also seen that the vis-a-versa is also true and with the most possible assumption that the increase in political complexity will lead to increase in craft production in state societies. Though it is evidenced that craft production was proliferating during the period of Vijayanagara, ho...

https://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUAM:ISL10327_dynmc?width=3000&height=3000  INFERENCE ABOUT SOCIETY Firstly, there is evidence of social hierarchy based on Varnashrama dharma is present  in the society. There is evidence of certain roles which are assigned particular to the  people pertaining to their varna based on their birth. As evidenced from the text where  Sanjaya explaining the wrong deed of Ashvatthaman due to change of his duty. As he  explains that the Lord of all being on creating every creature, alloted to each his role  and as distributor of qualities, he allocated to each different class a particular quality.  However, there are notes to breach in this system as for example we see in case of  Ashvatthaman who is Brahmin-ritual and educational expert- by birth, but Kshatriya warrior-by training and livelihood. Also as we see his father Dronacharya who is the  teacher of kshatriyas, thus showing that both the varnas somewhere co...